TABELAS

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Three Years of the Real Plan

Tables

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Table 1

Trend in Inequality of Development and of Poverty 1990-96 (%) Six Main Metropolitan Areas
	1994	1995	1996
Income Share of the Poorest 50%*	11.3	12.2	12.3
Income Share of the Richest 20%*	64.7	62.6	62.4
Degree of Inequality	5.73	5.13	5.07
Per capita GDP Growth	4.5	2.8	1.5
Percentage of Poor*	33.4	27.8	25.1

Source: * PME-IBGE Annual Averages - Earned Income

Table 2

Consumption of Processed Foods % Increase 1994-96
	Consumption
Processed Foods	18.3
Chicken	27.8
Beef	19.4
Pork	31.1
Fish	12.3
Yogurt	87.2
Cheese	51.4
Beer	55.5
Soft drinks	58.9

Source: ABIA

Table 3

Brazil in Action
Resource Allocation by Area (1997 - 1998)	R$ millions
Infrastructure	24,687.8
Social	29,671.9
Total	54,359.7
Total Value of the Projects by Sector (1997 - 1998)	R$ millions
Transportation	4,640.8
Energy	3,429.0
Communications	16,618.0
Agriculture	10,324.9
Tourism	201.0
Housing	5,176.6
Sanitation	2,664.7
Health	2,382.8
Education	1,783.0
Employment	7,138.9
Total	54,359.7

Table 4

Anticipated Ubvestunebts* in the Brazilian Automotive Sector - 1997
Region/State	Amount (US$ millions)
North
Acre	13.5
Tocantins	31.8
Central-West
Goiás	464.4
Brasília	22.5
Northeast
Ceará	166.0
Piauí	38.0
Paraíba	339.7
Pernambuco	27.5
Bahia	1,450.2
Northeast (state undetermined)	200.0
South and Southeast	19,022.9
Total	21,776.5

Source: Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism

(*) These investments have already been approved by the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism, or authorized for inclusion in the automotive regime defined by Law 9,440/97(North, Northeast and Central-West regions).

Table 5

Brazil Trend of Open Unemployment Rate
Year	Rate(%)
1992	5.76
1993	5.31
1994	5.06
1995	4.64
1996	5.42

Source: IBGE

Urban Unemployment Rate - 1996 For Specified Countries
Country	Rate(%)
Germany	10.4
Argentina	17.2
Chile	7.2
Spain	22.7
United States	5.4
France	12.4
Italy	12.1

Source: IMF and ECLAC

Table 6

The Annual Average Minimum Wage - 1980-96
Year	Average minimum Wage (US$)*
1980	75.32
1981	86.92
1982	89.98
1983	62.71
1984	51.52
1985	50.58
1986	56.30
1987	52.77
1988	58.20
1989	75.56
1990	75.44
1991	75.93
1992	64.92
1993	74.93
1994	74.30
1995	99.19
1996	107.41

Source: Central Bank; Preparation: IPEA/DIPES
(*) Converted by the average monthly rate

Table 7

National Privatization Program - 1991-1997 US$ millions ¹

Before the Real Plan

Since the Real Plan

Total

	Sales Receipts	Debt Transferred	Total	Sales Receipts	Debt Transferred	Total	Sales Receipts	Debt Transferred	Total
Productive Sectors	8,147	3,480	11,627	4,566	4,517	9,082	12,713	7,996	20,709
Seel	4,858	2,626	7,485	703		703	5,561	2,626	8,188
Petrochemicals	2,135	773	2,908	564	230	793	2,698	1,003	3,701
Fertilizers	418	75	494				418	75	494
Mining				3,299	4,287	7,586	3,299	4,287	7,586
Others	736	5	741				736	5	741
Infrastructure and Public Services				4,565	851	4,955	4,565	851	5,416
Railroads				1,477		1,477	1,477	-	1,477
Electric				2,890	588	3,478	2,890	588	3,478
Others				198	263		198	263	461
Total	8,147	3,480	11,627	9,131	5,368	14,037	17,278	8,848	26,125

1/ Takes into consideration the effective date of the sales of the shares.
Source: BNDES

Table 8

Social Expenditures by the Federal Government - 1994-1996 Thousands of constant value December 1996 R$
*Area ()**	1994	1996	96/94%
OLD AGE, DISABILITY AND UNEMPLOYMENT COVERAGE	45,949,392	66,022,219	43.7
SOCIAL SECURITY	43,291,876	61,128,143	41.2
Benefíts paid by INSS	30,406,262	43,271,322	42.3
Benefíts paid to federal employees	12,885,614	17,856,821	38.6
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE	2,116,903	3,491,373	64.9
JOB TRAINING	508	262,536	51,580.3
AGRARIAN REFORM	540,105	1,140,167	111.1
ASSISTANCE TO THE LOW INCOME POPULATION	10,440,700	11,967,184	14.6
MEDICAL ASSISTANCE	8,776,666	10,082,232	14.9
BASIC SANITATION	674,216	688,610	2.1
WELFARE ASSISTANCE	989,818	1,196,342	20.9
YOUTH AND INFANT ASSISTANCE	1,808,092	1,882,956	4.1
BASIC EDUCATION ()	1,070,795	1,158,288	8.2
SCHOOL LUNCHES (*)	664,256	465,287	-30.0
EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN TO 6 YEARS OLD	73,041	259,381	255.1
OTHERS	17,028,401	15,426,757	-9.4
TOTAL EXPENDITURE (****)	75,226,585	95,299,116	26.7
POPULATION (thousands)	153,213	157,319	2.7
TOTAL PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE em R$)	491.0	605.8	23.4
TOTAL EXPENDITURE/GDP (%)	11.8	12.3	4.2

Source: DIPOS/IPEA.

(*) The concept of area of activity is used because it better indicates the real activity financed by public funds, regardless of what agency is actually spending the funds. Thus, it must be emphasized that these figures cannot be compared with traditional measurements based on the expenditures of the ministries (institutional approach), nor with measurements based on expenditures by ministry or by function/program aggregate outlays that, in general, combine different types of real expenditures.
(**) Does not include the school lunch program, the portion of the Salary-Education collected by the states and the Federal District, nor the direct investments undertaken by the federal government.
(***) The changes in the procedure of transferring resources to the states and municipalities to finance the school lunch program led to this decline in outlays. Since 1993, the funds to finance the school lunch program during the first three months of the year are transferred in December of the preceding year. In 1996, the transfer made in December covered only nineteen days in January 1997. Thus, there was a decline in the amount of resources dedicated to the lunch program compared to earlier years. In fact, however, federal outlays in 1996 were sufficient for 163 days of the program whereas they covered 156 days in 1995 and 100 days in 1994.
(****) Total federal government social expenditures as defined by DIPOS/IPEA.

Table 9

Share (%) of Federal Government Direct And Indirect Social Expenditures, by Area
Areas	Direct expenditures	Transfers
Areas	Direct expenditures	States and DF	Municipalities	Private inst.
Education and culture
1994	82.3	12.0	4.9	0.8
19967	76.5	15.5	6.5	1.5
Food and nutrition
1994	91.0	5.6	1.8	1.6
1996	83.8	3.8	10.9	1.5
Health
1994	91.0	5.6	1.8	1.6
1996	83.8	3.8	10.9	1.5
Sanitation and environ. Protection
1994	73.5	10.2	15.7	0.6
1996	38.6	31.7	28.8	0.9
Social welfare
1994	74.2	3.2	8.8	13.8
1996	66.0	31.4	2.2	0.4
Housing and urbanism
1994	88.9	3.2	7.9	0.0
1996	82.1	7.4	10.5	0.0

Table 10

	Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)		Reduction (%)	Deaths Prevented (less than one year old)
	1994	1996	Reduction (%)	Deaths Prevented (less than one year old)
Maranhão	71,2	48,6	37,7	491
Piauí	67,3	43,0	36,1	445
Ceará	80,0	45,7	42,9	2.967
Paraíba	90,5	53,8	40,6	637
Pernambuco	101,4	54,9	45,9	1.335
Sergipe	93,6	63,9	31,7	156
Bahia	110,9	53,0	52,2	458
Nordeste	82,6	51,5	37,7	6.489 **

** Data for the areas covered by the Community Health Agents program in cities that have information for all the months of the study. The states of Rio Grande do Norte and Alagoas were not included because they did not provide information in 1994. However, their data were added to the totals for all of the Northeast for 1996.

Source: PACS Information System - COSAC/SAS/MS

Table 11

School Lunch Program
Year	Municipalities	Students
1994	1,680	1995
1995	3,912	33,262,484
1996	4,208	33,667,261

Source: MEC

Three Years of the Real Plan